The flash memory partners have put more than $50 billion in Japan over 25 years. Sandisk and Kioxia Plan to Invest More Than $31 Billion in Japanese Memory Plants — About 60% of What They Have Spent There in 25 Years. Key points and original sources are listed below.

• The flash memory partners have put more than $50 billion in Japan over 25 years. The new plan would spend comfortably over half that sum again in about six years.S1

• Sandisk and Kioxia Plan to Invest More Than $31 Billion in Japanese Memory Plants — About 60% of What They Have Spent There in 25 Years.S2